What is the importance of Speaking, Presentation and Speech making? Discuss different methods and techniques of Presentation and Speech making.

Ans: Speaking :Speaking is the name of oration or utterance of a language in speech situation. All the languages of the world in recent times are in spoken form. The system of speech symbols and patterns of the world languages may vary but their speech format does exist nearly in the same way. Every language does have speech archetypes that bind its speakers in different parts of the world in the thread of the language. Although speaking skill comes at second stage in the process of the use of a language, but its importance is not less than other language skills. The place of speaking in a language cannot be undermined in any case. In this way, the spoken form of a language has basic place in a language.
Importance of Presentation 
Presentation skills is not a black and white off/on switch. It is a rainbow of colors. Everybody has presentation skills. Some are better than others. The primary goal is for your presentation skills to be better than your competition, whoever and whatever that is. The secondary goal is for your presentations to get better with every presentation that you deliver. So the presentation skills are critically important.
Techniques of Presentation  
Presentation techniques can help a student to improve the delivery and convince his audiences and give them convictions about himself. Here are some of the tricks that work in the Presentation-giving process like:
1) Inspire the listeners: Start with “Why” not “What”
2)  Begin With What You Know
3)  Tell Stories, Not Stats  4)  Use Imagery When You Speak
 Giving Presentation: 
There are some things and factors that are kept in view while giving presentation as well as a public speech. In this regard, following factors are most important in the process of giving a presentation in a class:
 Self Introduction
 Introduction Of The Topic
 Eye-Contact
 Energetic Voice
 Gestures And Posture
 Delivery Method
 Signaling The End
 End Or Conclusion
 1. Introduction: In the introduction section, the presenter lets the audience, or class mates the self introduction first of all, like Hi, Its me or My name is Yasir Qadri. The presenter gives a brief introduction that includes his/her name, academics and personality traits in a very brief and short way. Self introduction is given only in case of first presentation to a class or the speech. In the intro, the presenter or speaker also adds a few initial sentences like; Your Excellency, the Chair of the ceremony, worthy audiences, respectable colleagues and fellows------. The presenter afterwards specifies the presentation/speech topic and Type of presentation delivery. Here the presenter has to decide what the delivery method he has to adopt for his speech or presentation.
2. Presentation Delivery Method: In the delivery part, four things are very much significant in order to have a successful presentation. The four aspects that are included in this section are:
– Voice
– Gestures
– Eye contact
– Posture & movement
Using the Voice: 
In the voice the speaker is needed to put variety, fascination, charm and vitality. The voice should have a potential and thrilling aspect also. The tone and pace of the speech should be moderate, neither so high pitched tone nor so too low to understand. The pace is also kept moderate. The speaker is needed to put warmth in the voice. There should have energy and animation in the voice.
Gestures:  
Gestures are the movements that are a natural part of the motions of the body which we all do have in normal state of being. In the presentation and speech delivering process, the gestures are an essential requisite for the speaker to show natural way of bodily movements. However, the bodily gestures necessarily must be lively and in moderation. If the speaker looses the balance in the animation of his/her gestures, whole the impact and success of the speech may spoil. So the successful delivery of a speech and presentation heavily depends upon a good animation of bodily gestures.
The bodily gestures are adopted in the following manner: 
✓ The hands should be in a “ready position”
✓ Keep gestures simple and varied
✓ Avoid overuse of one or two gestures
✓ Don’t grip immovable objects
✓ Avoid crossing your arms and legs while presenting
Eye Contact 
As the FACE IS INDEX OF MIND, so the EYE IS THE INDEX OF THOUGHT. In this way, Eye contact keeps people engaged and is a great source of feedback. Eye contact is an essential practice in presentation, teaching process as well as speech delivery. Through eye contact, the speaker does know the condition of his audience whether they are getting his message, getting bore by his speech, or having applause for his delivery manner. All the postures and response on the part of the audience is got by the speaker through eyes and the eye contact is the way that provides the feedback to the speaker. In the process of eye contact, following practice should be adopted:
 Make eye-contact often
 Be mindful of duration
 Don’t ping-pong back and forth
 Make contact with the entire room or audience
Posture & Movement 
Posture and movement is an essential part in the process of making speech and the presentation. It comes in the physical appearance of the speaker. The posture and movement on the part of the speaker is required to be a balanced one, having complete harmony and symmetry in the bodily actions and movements. The imbalance and overuse of a bodily action puts very bad impact on the audiences. The speaker should adopt a balanced and moderate type of posture and movement. In this respect, he should:
 Adopt a comfortable, confident stance
 Evenly distribute the bodily weight
 Keep as few barriers as possible between the audience
 Pay attention to the following:
– Rate and volume of speech
– Level of energy and animation
– Body language
– Rapport with the audience
 Habits to Avoid:
– Being cemented in one place
– Pacing across the room
– Rocking back and forth
3. Signaling the End: 
The speaker is needed in his/her making a speech process to signal the end of the speech to the audiences. Signaling the ends is an indicator for the audience to get ready for the conclusion of their assumptions relating to the speech or lecture they make during the course of the speech process. Actually it is an activity to make the audience ready for the end of the speech. In this part of the speech, the speaker makes clear the main points of his speech or revise them briefly.
4. The End or Conclusion:
After giving indication for the end of the speech, the speaker concludes his speech. As it is the last part of the speech, the speech does this it briefly. This portion of the speech is done with giving an assignment or home work to the class in case of a lecture. While, in case of speech-making process, the speaker does this part by giving a logical ending to it. This part is essentially done in an optimistic note or with a happy end.